I am particularly interested in macroevolutionary rates and characters that diagnose large clades of ferns and lycophytes. Psilotum nudum, the whisk fern figure a, grows in the florida woods. Wikimedia commons ruggiero ma, gordon dp, orrell tm, bailly n, bourgoin t, brusca rc, et al. Pdf arbuscular mycorrhizal morphology in sporophyte of psilotum. Superficially, the hybrid resembles both parents and is often confused with them. Lycopodium complanatum ground pine, groundcedar pfaf plant. Psilotum nudum is a terrestrial plant that grows in humus, among rocks and at the base of trees.
It is probably far more common than collections indicate, however. Whisk fern, moa, moa nahele, pipi, oo moa psilotum. Psilotum complanatum lyman plant house, smith college. Epiphyte in rainforest, often found growing from bases of other. These cells has casparian bands on their radial walls 2. Psilotum complanatum information from the smithsonians flora of the hawaiian islands information about psilotum complanatum including nomenclature and synonymy, and status and distribution in hawaiiis provided by the flora of the hawaiian islands website of the smithsonian national museum of natural history. Psilotum pronounced zilotum is a lowgrowing plant devoid of any roots or leaves. My field work is centered in mexico, colombia, and papua new guinea. Psilotum complanatum, the flatfork fern, is a rare herbaceous epiphytic fern ally in the genus. So then, the apparently redundant name psilotum nudum refers to a really naked, naked plant. Lycopodium complanatum is an evergreen fern growing to 0.
Psilotum complanatum, the flatfork fern, is a rare herbaceous epiphytic fern ally in. Psilotum complanatum information from the smithsonians flora of the hawaiian islands information about psilotum complanatumincluding nomenclature and synonymy, and status and distribution in hawaiiis provided by the flora of the hawaiian islands website of the smithsonian national museum of natural history. The website also provides access to a database and images of herbarium specimens found at the university of south florida and other herbaria. Moa is chicken, referring to a chickens comb, and reference to the fronds. The plant list includes a further 2 scientific plant names of infraspecific rank for the genus psilotum. Psilotum complanatum ferns and lycophytes of the world. Endodermis there is well developed endodermis between the stele and the cortex. It was already introduced as an epiphytic species from. Psilotum definition is a genus the type of the family psilotaceae of chiefly tropical fern allies with terrestrial or epiphytic habit, slender branching stems, and sessile 3celled sporangia usually in spikes. The free living sporophytic plant body is a dichotomously branching stem consisting of a subterranean mycorrhizal rhizome and a green, photosynthetic aerial portion that bears very small nonvascularized scalelike flaps of tissue called enations and 2 3lobed eusporangia or. Plants profile for psilotum complanatum flatfork fern.
The atlas of florida plants provides a source of information for the distribution of plants within the state and taxonomic information. A wide range of chromosome numbers on material outside the flora has been reported for this species. Another difference between pterophyta and higher plants is that many species belonging to the pterophyta have a vegetative propagation path by means of rhizomes e. Eeb greenhouse accession data for psilotum x intermedium. Its aim is to create a comprehensive free content catalogue of all species. Psilotum belong to the whiskfern family psilotaceae with only two wide spread species.
Two major sources were used in deciding to list the species at the introduction of the. All structured data from the file and property namespaces is available under the creative commons cc0 license. Common names flatfork fern in english bibliographic references. Pdf the mycorrhizal structures of the sporophyte of psilotum nudum were studied by light microscopy. Pdf psilotum hazaricum a new contribution to the flora of pakistan. Pdf psilotum species, is of considerable importance in palaeobotany considering. Browse pictures and read growth cultivation information about whisk fern, moa, moa nahele, pipi, oo moa psilotum complanatum supplied by member gardeners in the plantfiles database at daves g. Austrolycopodium, diphasium, and diphasiastrum one species in the first three. Psilotum is a genus of fernlike vascular plants, commonly known as whisk ferns. The plant list includes 7 scientific plant names of species rank for the genus psilotum. This pdf version does not have an isbn or issn and is not therefore. Page designed through the cooperative efforts of interagency itis teams. Anatomical studies were carried out through manual exact crosssectioning of. Feb 15, 2018 this concept was suggested by bierhorst 1956 according to him each unit in synangium represents a condensed fertile axis.
Both species are indigenous to the hawaiian islands. Lyconadins g and h, two rare lyconadintype lycopodium. Psilotum synonyms, psilotum pronunciation, psilotum translation, english dictionary definition of psilotum. It has been observed through gel electrophoresis that histone protein profiles of psilotum are more or less identical with the histones of mosses. This pdf version does not have an isbn or issn and is not therefore effectively published melbourne code, art.
Psilotum type genus of the psilotaceae genus psilotum fern genus genera of ferns and fern allies family psilotaceae, psilotaceae small family. The plant body is differentiated into rhizome and aerial branches. Steler system the stele of psilotum consists of following parts a, while pericycle and pith are usually absent. It also grows on soil where humus is abundantly available.
The record derives from tropicos data supplied on 20120418 which reports it as an accepted name record 26625279 with original publication details. These are primarily included because names of species rank are synonyms. Primitive fern allies of the genera psilotum and tmesip. Background information the two native species of moa psilotum spp. The whisk ferns are the only freeliving vascular land plants without true roots.
Arbuscular mycorrhizal morphology in sporophyte of psilotum nudum. The systematic position of psilotum and tmesipteris. The origin of branching in the aerial shoot ofpsilotum nudum. Both these species differ in their distribution and general description. Psilotum nudum, moa, moa nahele, pipi, oo moa, whisk fern, indigenous. I have had whisk fern, psilotum nudum growing in the boot jacks of my sable palm for several years now. The synangium in psilotum can be considered as homologus to fertile portion of rhynia where one arm is fertile and other is sterile. Two major sources were used in deciding to list the species at the introduction of the threatened species conservation act in 1995. Psilotum definition of psilotum by the free dictionary. Psilotum nudum, one of two species in the genus psilotum, is widely distributed across tropical and subtropical areas of the americas, africa, asia and australasia, with a small, endangered population found in southern spain.
While every effort has been made to provide the most reliable and uptodate information available, ultimate legal requirements with respect to species are contained in. Show all show tabs flatfork fern general information. Hence psilotum and tmesipteris constitute a natural group in pteridophyta and should be placed at the beginning of pteridophyte classification next to early vascular plants and before lycopsida. I have been able to remove pieces and grow them im my nursery area. It is one of two genera in the family psilotaceae, the other being tmesipteris.
Psilotum complanatum wikispecies, free species directory. Though several species have been reported in psilotum, all of them usually fall into two well defined species, viz. The states only known population is found within the upper sand creek botanical management area on black. A plant buff can recognize both species of psilotum p. Reports of psilotum nudum in new mexico and in west texas remain unverified. Holub, mainly distributed in the temperate and subtropical regions of the world 14, was used as a traditional. Psilotum nudum is an ancestral epiphytic of the monilophytes which has been recently reported from hyrcanian forests. However, it is not a legal authority for statutory or regulatory purposes. The free living sporophytic plant body is a dichotomously branching stem consisting of a subterranean mycorrhizal rhizome and a green, photosynthetic aerial portion that bears very small nonvascularized scalelike flaps of tissue called enations and 2 3lobed eusporangia or synangia on very short lateral branches. Hosted by the usgs core science analytics and synthesis. Three main groups are distinguished within the pterophyta. Text is available under the creative commons attributionsharealike license. Most commonly, it grows erectly on the ground or in crevices among rocks, but it may also grow as an epiphyte on treeferns or among other.
Psilotum complanatum, the flatfork fern, is a rare herbaceous epiphytic fern ally in the genus psilotum. On the other hand, psilotum flaccidum, known more as a hawaiian fern ally is also known by the scientific name psilotum complanatum. There is some evidence that it might be a true fern that has lost some typically fernlike characteristics. Psilotum and tmesipteris are the only two living genera in this phylum. Morphologically, the plant is simple, lacking leaves and roots, and having hanging stems with dichotomous branching, which lack developed leaves but have minute scales. The conditions in the bootjacks are ideal for its survival.
Psilotum is distributed in tropical and subtropical regions. Files are available under licenses specified on their description page. Psilotum complanatum psilotaceae hear species info. Psilotum was long considered a fern ally, a surviving remnant of an extinct devonian flora because of its. Psilotum complanatum endangered species listing nsw. There are two species, psilotum nudum and psilotum complanatum, with a hybrid between them known. Click on a place name to get a complete protected plant list for that location. Habitat of lycopodium complanatum by hollis marriott. The xylem is actinostelic and radial in outside in 6 rays, the protoxylem is located. No count is available from north american material. The morphological and anatomical reinvestigation of the.
This file contains additional information such as exif metadata which may have been added by the digital camera, scanner, or software program used to create or digitize it. Psilotum species, moa, skeleton fork fern, whisk fern. Etymology the generic name is from the greek psilos, naked or smooth, alluding to the smooth aerial stems without leaves. We do not intend the plant list to be complete for names of infraspecific rank. Itis taxonomy is based on the latest scientific consensus available, and is provided as a general reference source for interested parties. Plants in these two genera were once thought to be descended from the earliest surviving vascular plants, but more recent phylogenies place them as basal ferns, as a sister group to ophioglossales. Arbuscular mycorrhizal morphology in sporophyte of.
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